The combination of forestry industry, negligence of authorities and conflicts of interest, added to climate change and deterioration of biodiversity, is producing more and more damage to rural communities affected by the consequences of monoculture: damage such as drought, erosion, increased mega-fires, and destruction of traditional livelihoods and peasant family farming.
These are the main owners of forest plantations and timber industries in Chile, who have be held responsible for the damage caused by forest fires on human communities and biodiversity. They are financed by banks all over the world.
Arauco
- Chile’s second largest pulp producer
- has 1 million hectares of fibre plantations in South America and owns seven pulp mills, nine saw mills, 30 panel mills and 13 energy plants
- has operations in Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, the United States of America, Canada, Spain, Portugal, Germany and South Africa.
- formed a partnershhip with Sonae Industria, who also has subsidaries in many European countries
- Arauco has a long history of involvement in land conflicts in Chile, dating back to the 1970s.
- controlled by the economic group Empresas Copec.
Financiers:
- BNP Paribas (France)
- Bank of America (USA)
- Caixa geral de depositos
- Credicorp (Bermuda)
- Credit Suisse Group (Switzerland)
- DNB (Norway)
- HSBC (UK)
- ING (Netherlands)
- Itaú-Unibanco (Brazil)
- JPMorgan Chase (USA)
- Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG) (Japan)
- Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking
- Nordea (Finland)
- Santander (Spain)
- Scotiabank (Canada)
- Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) (Japan)
- Export Development Canada (EDC)
- Finnvera
- Interamerican Development Bank (IDB)
- BNDES (Brazil)
Compañía Manufacturera de Papeles y Cartones (CPMC)
- Together with Arauco it is one of the two biggest plantation companies in Chile.
- CMPC has several large monoculture plantations in Chile for its pulp and paper production, which have harmful impacts on biodiversity and the climate.
- relies on biomass power plants
- CMPC and its subsidiaries have been involved in numerous violent conflicts with the Mapuche Indigenous Peoples.
- The company exports its products globally and operates in four business areas: wood, pulp, paper & paper products and tissue.
Financiers
- BBVA (Spain)
- BNP Paribas (France)
- BPCE Group (France)
- BTG Pactual (Brazil)
- Banco de Chile
- Bank of America (United States)
- Bank of Montreal (BMO) (Canada)
- Bank of New York Mellon (United States)
- Credicorp (Bermuda)
- Credit Suisse Group (Switzerland)
- Crédit Agricole (France)
- DZ Bank (Germany)
- Deutsche Bank (Germany)
- Goldman Sachs (United States)
- HSBC (United Kingdom)
- Intesa Sanpaolo (Italy)
- Itaú-Unibanco (Brazil)
- JPMorgan Chase (United States)
- La Banque Postale (France)
- Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG) (Japan)
- Morgan Stanley (United States)
- Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)
- Santander (Spain)
- Scotiabank (Canada)
- Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) (Japan)
- UBS (Switzerland)
Investment Funds:
– Blackrock Advisors
– Principal Financial Group
– State Street Corporation
– Vanguard